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直方图密度函数在密度函数估计中存在不连续性问题，即密度值在相邻区间边界处发生突变。为获得随机变量的连续密度函数估计，核密度估计(Kernel Density Estimation, KDE)提供了有效的解决方案。 核函数 核函数本质上是密度估计中用于平滑处理的概率密度函数 ...

Nonparametric methods provide a flexible framework for estimating the probability density function of random variables without imposing a strict parametric model. By relying directly on observed data, ...

The KDE procedure performs either univariate or bivariate kernel density estimation. Statistical density estimation involves approximating a hypothesized probability density function from observed ...

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a growing problem in Nigeria, presenting challenges to the nation's health and economy. This study presents an analysis of 442 patients with CKD referred to the renal ...

A kernel density curve may follow the shape of the distribution more closely. To construct a normal kernel density curve, one parameter is required: the bandwidth .The value of determines the degree ...

This is a preview. Log in through your library . Abstract A class of data-based bandwidth selection procedures for kernel density estimation is investigated. These ...

Gordon Lee et al introduce a data-driven and model-agnostic approach for computing conditional expectations. The new method combines classical techniques with machine learning methods, in particular ...