Data assimilation lies at the heart of numerical weather prediction, enabling the integration of observational data with dynamic atmospheric models to produce more accurate initial conditions and ...

In most, if not all, studies we collect data to obtain information about an area of research in which we have an interest. For example, we might want to know the level of dental caries in our area. In ...

Gathering and entering numbers on a computer is one of the most laborious aspects of data management. Ten-key data entry expedites this process, focusing only on the number keys, 0 through 9, which ...

Arithmetic Mean: (a.k.a. mean) the sum of a set of numbers divided by the number of numbers in the set. Average: see "Central Tendency." Box-and-Whisker Plot: see "Box Plot." Box-Plot: graphical ...

Sparklines in Microsoft Excel are charts—tiny little charts that display inline with the data because they fit into a cell, usually adjacent to the data they’re evaluating. With a quick glance, not ...

Clustering non-numeric -- or categorial -- data is surprisingly difficult, but it's explained here by resident data scientist Dr. James McCaffrey of Microsoft Research, who provides all the code you ...

contains only numbers, and sometimes a decimal point and/or minus sign. When they are read into a SAS data set, numeric values are stored in the floating-point format native to the operating ...

Gordon Scott has been an active investor and technical analyst or 20+ years. He is a Chartered Market Technician (CMT). Vikki Velasquez is a researcher and writer who has managed, coordinated, and ...

Understanding data encoding and normalization is an absolutely essential skill when working with neural networks. James McCaffrey walks you through what you need to know to get started. Dealing with ...

Whether you work for a small mom-and-pop operation or belong to a giant, multinational firm, spreadsheets are likely to be an invaluable tool for your business. All companies manage various sorts of ...