The valuation of financial derivatives continues to evolve, with option pricing models remaining a cornerstone of modern quantitative finance. Traditional frameworks, such as the Black–Scholes model, ...

Option pricing and stochastic control methods constitute a vital intersection of quantitative finance and applied mathematics, offering robust frameworks for evaluating derivative securities and ...

It shows the fuzzy price interval of bond prices with climate risks, which corresponds to the membership function u and the price interval. It can be seen that due to the existence of fuzzy ...