GPS receivers must deal with measurements and models that have some degree of error, which gets propagated into the position solution. If the errors are systematically different for the different ...

Figure 1 shows that individual measurement values hover around a mean value and the difference between the mean value and true value is the systematic error of ...

Systematic errors are caused by defective parts like incorrectly adjusted optics or interfering influences such as a dirty light path, and can lead to measurement result deviation from the real value.

With the usage of micropipettes in the life science laboratory, various pipette and pipetting errors have been linked. Users familiar with such micropipette issues can assist users to reduce further ...