The shoulder, or pectoral girdle, is a structure that plays an essential role in many functions and movements. The three shoulder bones include the scapula, the clavicle, and the humerus. A shoulder ...

The shoulder is a mobile and complex joint that is prone to dislocation and injury. Several types of shoulder surgery can address and correct various shoulder symptoms. Surgery can repair several ...

Your shoulder is a ball and socket joint and very mobile. It may hurt for many reasons, from injury and overuse to chronic conditions or diseases. You need to know the cause to get effective treatment ...

Background A 46-year-old, nonsmoking, nulliparous woman with a 23-year history of rheumatoid arthritis presented with severely destructed right shoulder, right elbow, and right wrist joints, which ...

The shoulder is the most mobile joint in the human body, but that incredible range of motion comes at a price: a high risk of instability and injury. For frequent gym-goers, rotator cuff tears and ...