First-order derivatives: n additional function calls are needed. Second-order derivatives based on gradient calls, when the "grd" module is specified (Dennis and Schnabel 1983): n additional gradient ...

Abstract: Waterline extraction from synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images can be transformed into a sea-land segmentation task. However, two aspects of deep learning sea-land segmentation have been ...

Abstract: Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors have become widely adopted in new energy vehicles, industrial drives, and various other applications, thanks to their remarkable advantages such as high ...