Abstract: An extensive study has been conducted to identify methods for addressing vehicle routing challenges, as this issue is classified as NP-Hard. This work introduces a hybrid Multipack Grey Wolf ...

Background: Based on findings from analyses with cross-lagged panel models, Yang and Lei suggested reciprocal causal effects between rumination and sleep problems. However, it is well known that ...

Abstract: The Dynamic Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Windows (DVRPTW) is a widespread real-world challenge, and numerous algorithms have been proposed to address it. However, in the context of an ...