A new study finds that at least one Archaea has surprisingly flexibility when interpreting genetic code, which goes against a ...

Scripps Research scientists have developed a simpler method to add new amino acids to proteins using four-nucleotide codons, creating novel peptides with potential applications in drug discovery and ...

1 Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Transboundary Ecosecurity of Southwest China, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plant Reproductive Adaptation and Evolutionary Ecology and Centre for Invasion Biology ...

The genetic code has been dubbed ‘life’s greatest secret’. 1 The code relates a sequence of DNA nucleotide bases in a gene to that of amino acids in the protein that gene encodes. Each of the 20 amino ...

Cells use a genetic code to translate the information contained in DNA and RNA sequences into the amino-acid building blocks that make up a protein (Nirenberg et al., 1965; Söll et al., 1965). DNA ...

Ciliates represent higher unicellular animals, and several species are also important model organisms for molecular biology research. Analyses of codon usage bias (CUB) of the macronuclear (MAC) ...

Cells working with an expanded genetic code could make more diverse medicines. A new study shows scientists are within striking distance. One of modern biologists' most ambitious goals is to learn how ...

mRNA translation decodes nucleotide into amino acid sequences. However, translation has also been shown to affect mRNA stability depending on codon composition in model organisms, although ...

A central tenet of biology may need updating given new measurements of start codons. For decades, scientists working with genetic material have labored with a few basic rules in mind. To start, DNA is ...

Living things, from bacteria to humans, depend on a workforce of proteins to carry out essential tasks within their cells. Proteins are chains of amino acids that are strung together according to ...