Azaria Corp LLP (“the Petitioner”), an assessee under GST, had its registration cancelled due to non-filing of returns and non-payment of the GST dues. The Deputy Commissioner of State Tax (“the ...

What Thomas Aquinas and the principles of just war theory tell us about where responsibility lies for the deaths of many thousands of non-combatants. The political theorist Michael Walzer has observed ...

Social justice warriors often suppose that since they are advancing “justice” they are entitled to do whatever they deem necessary to defend their cause. Any atrocity they commit should be viewed ...

Editor's note: The IAPP is policy neutral. We publish contributed opinion and analysis pieces to enable our members to hear a broad spectrum of views in our domains. Authorities and lawmakers in Peru ...

We regularly advise employers on internal disciplinary processes, and the concept of proportionality - specifically, the question “is this sanction proportionate?” - arises frequently. Initially, ...

Israel's military operation in Gaza has killed tens of thousands of people, destroyed thousands of buildings, and severely restricted the supply of food. The operation was launched after Hamas ...

I recently explained how the decision is patently narrow, applying only to age-verification mandates targeting access to sexual content that, in Justice Clarence Thomas’s words for the majority, “the ...

MILAN (AP) — Italian Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni condemned Israeli attacks on Gaza as disproportionate on Wednesday, saying there have been “too many innocent victims” during the nearly two-year-old ...

“But we cannot remain silent now in the face of a reaction that has gone beyond the principle of proportionality, claiming too many innocent victims, and even involving Christian communities.” She ...

Planck's constant reveals the quantum world's fundamental energy levels. It shows how light and matter exist in discrete units (quanta). This constant defines limits to our knowledge of particle ...

Proportionality in warfare is increasingly challenged in modern conflicts. India's Operation Sindoor exemplifies measured and ethical military response. Asymmetric warfare blurs lines between ...