Adam Hayes, Ph.D., CFA, is a financial writer with 15+ years Wall Street experience as a derivatives trader. Besides his extensive derivative trading expertise, Adam is an expert in economics and ...

Abstract: In probability theory the expected value of functions of random variables plays a fundamental role in defining the basic characteristic measures of probability distributions. For example, ...

Will Kenton is an expert on the economy and investing laws and regulations. He previously held senior editorial roles at Investopedia and Kapitall Wire and holds a MA in Economics from The New School ...

ABSTRACT: Based on investigating 15 sample plots along the altitude gradient, and 25 quadrats (0.5 m × 0.5 m) in each of the sample plots, we aimed to analyse interspecific associations and the niche ...

Background Heart auscultation is a widely used and cost-effective clinical tool for detecting valvular heart disease (VHD), particularly in primary care. However, existing evidence on its diagnostic ...

Abstract: The performance of Differential Evolution (DE) algorithms is highly dependent on the trial population diversity and on the way the control parameter space is sampled. Therefore, identifying ...

Stock's historical variance measures its return stability over time. Higher variance indicates greater return unpredictability and risk. Calculate variance using Excel to simplify the process for ...

If you are struggling to keep track of performance metrics and identify areas needing improvement? You will be pleased to know that you are not alone. Many people find it challenging to sift through ...

Jenny Stewart does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organization that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond ...